Тест мочи на гепатит C в один этап
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02.01.2016
Ученые из Калифорнийского университета в Ирвайне (University of California Irvine) разработали новый тест для диагностики гепатита С. По данным Центров контроля и профилактики заболеваний (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) сейчас во всем мире гепатитом С заражены более 150 миллионов человек. Нередко до развития серьезных заболеваний печени, например, цирроза или рака печени, люди и не подозревают, что инфицированы гепатитом С.
Группа исследователей из Центра лечения печени (Liver Centre, Китай) совместно с американскими коллегами разработала новый быстрый способ лечения гепатита C.
Все тесты, используемые в настоящее время, включают в себя проведение двухэтапного анализа сначала в крови выявляют вирус-специфичные антитела, после чего с помощью ПЦР подтверждают активен ли вирус в настоящее время. Исследователи подчеркивают, что оборудованием, необходимым для проведения обоих этапов анализа, оснащены не все лаборатории, что существенно снижает уровень выявления гепатита С во всем мире.
Созданный доктором Ке-Квин Ху (Ke-Qin Hu) и его коллегами тест позволяет выявить и подтвердить гепатит С всего за один этап. Новый тест недорог и прост в применении. Авторы объясняют, что для проведения анализа нужна моча пациента, а не кровь, как для большинства методов диагностики. Отказ от взятия крови снижает стоимость анализа, а также значительно упрощает его проведение.
Медновости www.medportal.ru
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Source: «One-step test for hepatitis C virus infection developed» | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/11/151114185041.htm | Related research shows blood or urine sample can be used |
Summary:
A cost-effective one-step test that screens, detects and confirms hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections has been developed by researchers. Current blood-based HCV testing requires two steps and can be expensive, inconvenient and is not widely available or affordable globally.
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UC Irvine Health researchers have developed a cost-effective one-step test that screens, detects and confirms hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections. Dr. Ke-Qin Hu, director of hepatology services, will present findings at the Annual Meeting of American Association for the Study of Liver Disease (AASLD) in San Francisco, Nov. 14-16. Current blood-based HCV testing requires two steps and can be expensive, inconvenient and is not widely available or affordable globally.
"Our novel HCV antigen test system has significantly improved sensitivity and specificity over current tests. Importantly, for the first time, we can use urine specimens for one-step screening and diagnosing of HCV infection," said Hu, professor of gastroenterology and hepatology at UC Irvine School of Medicine. "Finding a more convenient, easy-to-use and cost-effective screening alternative is imperative, because HCV is significantly under-screened and under-diagnosed."
Although the current HCV screening test is specific and sensitive, it cannot distinguish active infection from a previous infection. A blood sample is required, and two steps are required. First, virus-specific antibodies must be detected in the blood. Then, the sensitive HCV RNA PCR test must be administered to confirm whether or not the infection is active. Hu said many developing countries are not equipped to administer the two-step test, especially the HCV RNA PCR test. In the U.S., its cost is above $200. The novel HCV antigen test system developed by Hu's UC Irvine lab could significantly reduce the cost, human resources and time required for the test results.
"The ability to detect infection using urine rather than blood avoids needle stick and blood sample collection, greatly reduces the cost and necessary clinical infrastructure for screening and diagnosis, helping to promote widespread adoption of the test on a global scale," Hu said.
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, approximately 150 million people worldwide and 3.2 million people in the U.S. are infected with HCV. Effective screening and fast diagnosis are critical for treatment and controlling transmission.
"Those who are HCV infected can now be cured, before a further liver injury and complications develop, but only if they are diagnosed" Hu said.
People with an HCV infection do not usually experience symptoms until more serious liver injury develops, such as fibrosis, cirrhosis, or liver cancer. The CDC recommends screening tests for high-risk patients, including intravenous drug users, and individuals who had blood transfusions before 1992, as well as those born between 1945 and 1965.
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